Taurine effects on insulin absorption11/13/2023 ![]() ![]() Moreover, taurine treatment delayed the onset time of diabetes, and 20% of treated female mice remained free of diabetes. 2004), suggesting that taurine alters islet development. Taurine supplementation starting before birth (pregnant mice were received a diet supplemented with taurine) until weaning significantly increased in pancreatic islet mass in NOD mice (Arany et al. Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice genetically develop autoimmune diabetes caused by infiltration of the pancreatic islets by mononuclear leucocytes. This observation indicates that taurine may confer the resistance against some stresses induced by hyperglycemia, which may associate with the beneficial role against the complications, as described below. Interestingly, taurine supplementation from 2 days later of STZ injection prolonged survival in diabetic rats (Di Leo et al. Importantly, it has been reported that treatment of taurine started from the time-point of diabetic onset failed to improve hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetic animals (Goodman and Shihabi 1990), indicating that lowering effect of taurine on blood glucose level in type 1 models may be due to the protection of beta cells from STZ or alloxan (Chang and Kwon 2000 Gavrovskaya et al. The prevention of hyperglycemia by taurine was also reported in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rabbits (Tenner et al. Moreover, taurine reduced plasma lipid peroxidation products induced in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Treatment of taurine before diabetic onset suppressed hyperglycemia and lowered plasma glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol and triglyceride in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic rats (Alvarado-Vasquez et al. The effect of taurine administration for type 1 diabetes has been well investigated. The effect of taurine on type 1 diabetic models This review summarizes the beneficial effects of taurine supplementation on diabetes and the molecular mechanisms underlying the effectiveness. These useful effects appear due to the multiple actions of taurine on cellular functions. In addition, taurine supplementation is beneficial to diabetic complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, atherosclerosis and cardiomyopathy. The accumulating data show the effectiveness of taurine supplementation against both insulin dependent, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (Franconi et al. Moreover, treatment of taurine benefits many kinds of pathologies. Therefore, taurine seems an essential nutrient and its deficiency may cause various tissue disorders in human. Moreover, taurine depletion by taurine-deficient diet in cats causes various pathological conditions, including retinal degeneration, reproductive failure and dilated cardiomyopathy (Hayes et al. ( 2001) demonstrated that urinary taurine excretion as a marker of taurine intake inversely correlated with mortality rate caused by ischemic heart diseases in world wide epidemiological study. On the other hand, dietary taurine is ingested from meat and sea food. It is well-known that biosynthetic capacity of taurine is very low in human and is absent in cats, while rodents have high synthetic capacity (Hansen 2001). Taurine is synthesized from methionine and cysteine mainly in the liver. The source of taurine in body is biosynthesis and dietary intake. (Huxtable 1992 Satoh 1998 Schaffer et al. Taurine modulates a variety of cellular functions, including antioxidation, modulation of ion movement, osmoregulation, modulation of neurotransmitters and conjugation of bile acids etc. Many evidences support that taurine is a cytoprotective agent in a variety of tissues. Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is widely distributed and is found in millimolar concentration in mammalian tissues. ![]()
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